Showing posts with label [webinar]. Show all posts
Showing posts with label [webinar]. Show all posts

Nov 30, 2022

Zero Effort Zero Trust for Blocking Zero Days in Kubernetes


Let's learn the zero trust segmentation for network, process, and file access within K8s cluster with Tracy Walker. 


Threat-Based Controls Zero-Trust Controls
CVEs Automated Learning
DLP Network
Network Attacks Process
OWASP Top 10 WAF File Access
Admission Control Security as Code



The Automated Behavioral-based Zero-Trust covers:

  • Discover mode - identifies apps behavior (learning mode)
  • Monitor mode - alerts to any anomalous app behavior
  • Protect mode - denies on any anomalous app behavior

 

The demo will show how Zero Trust can protect against zero-day attacks as well as exploits such as Log4j and Spring4shell.


Links:

Oct 27, 2022

Modern Binary/Patch Diffing

 

In this webinar, Stephen will demonstrate the process of downloading Microsoft cumulative updates to extract the patches and prep them for diffing. 

It's a very useful way to identify patched vulnerabilities that can potentially be weaponized for exploitation of un-patched systems, as well as learning how vulnerabilities are patched to aid in bug hunting. 

My notes:

  • Time consuming to find the diff. (use bindiff or diaphora)
  • 2022-10 x64 "Windows 10" 22H2  Vs "Cumulative windows 10"
  • 2 purposes:
    • weaponize patched vuln (n-day exploit)
    • find new 0-day vuln
  • MS doesn't obfuscate the patch management process. 😅
  • expand.exe -F:* .\xxxx.msu .\extract
  • expand.exe -F:* .\extract\xxxx.cab .\patch
  • expand.exe -F:* .\patch\yyyy.cab .\patch
  • expand.exe -F:* .\patch\zzzz.cab .\patch [20min++]
  • gci -Recurse c:\windows\WinSxS\ -Filter ntdll.dll
  • .\delta_patch.py -i .\NTDLL\ntdll.dll -o ntdll.2020-10.dll .\NTDLL\r\ntdll.dll .\2020-10\x64\ntdll.dll_10.0.18362.1139\f\ntdll.dll
  • .\delta_patch.py -i .\NTDLL\ntdll.dll -o ntdll.2020-11.dll .\NTDLL\r\ntdll.dll .\2020-11\x64\ntdll.dll_10.0.18362.1171\f\ntdll.dll


Links:

Sep 9, 2022

Kubernetes crash course: In less than 15 minutes


One of the best video that talks about Kubernetes (within 15 min), which covers the architecture or relationship between API, Scheduler, Controller, Data Store (etcd), Kubelet, KubeProxy, Docker, Pod, Container, Cluster.


Sep 8, 2022

Lets understand containers (10 min)

 

Learn and understand about containers, and start creating a docker container with 5 simple steps. It compares between physical machines, virtual machines, and containers.

Container features 

  • Logical packaging
  • Faster/lightweight than VM
  • Less memory intensive
  • Easy deployment
  • Reduce delivery time
  • Help Dev/IT-ops
  • Less bugs


5 steps to create container:

  1. Develop app.
  2. Create Dockerfile.
  3. Build a docker image.
  4. Run a docker container
  5. Push to docker hub.

 

Jul 25, 2022

Kubernetes Attack and Defense: Break Out and Escalate!



My notes:

  • Pod vs container.
  • Pod has a IP address.
  • Nodes run kubelet, container runtime, kube-proxy
  • Attack K8s from a compromised node
    • break out of a container (5 CVEs)
    • over-privilege pod - mount /dev, access to node filesystem, use of node's network namespace, load module, root access, hostPID, hostNetwork Pods
    • phish login access to node
  • steal kubelet and kube-proxy auth cred, /var/lib/kubelet, service account token
  • steal secrets from other pods with env
  • run programs on the node
  • create "mirror pods"
  • steal cred to the vault
  • pull cred for nod's cloud IAM account, http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/iam/security-credentials/<name>/
  • access to bucket storage/S3
  • Defenses:
    • Admission control, SeccompDefault, Security Profiles Operator, Steering Workloads to Nodes, Upgrade the Cluster.
    • Pod Security Policy, Pod Security Standards.
    • Open Policy Agent (OPA) Gatekeeper
    • Kyverno


Links:

Jul 4, 2022

GitHub Actions + Nuclei

This is a demo on using GitHub Action and Nuclei to protect your CI. It also includes how an attacker can leverage GHA to mine cryptocurrencies, pivot into other targets, and distribute backdoors into different repositories. 


Links:

Jun 30, 2022

Remediate Security Recommendations with Governance


This webinar introduces the new Governance feature in Defender for Cloud. It helps to drive security posture improvement by creating governance rules, notify owners and monitor it, and take action to improve secure score.

 

Building an automated process

To make sure your organization is systematically improving its security posture, you can define rules that assign an owner and set the due date for resources in the specified recommendations. That way resource owners have a clear set of tasks and deadlines for remediating recommendations.

  • Defining governance rules to automatically set the owner and due date of recommendations
  • Manually assigning owners and due dates for recommendation remediation
  • Tracking the status of the recommendations for further action
  • Tracking progress by rule with the governance report
  • Weekly email notifications to the owners and managers.

 

Links:

Feb 28, 2022

Setting Up Pod Security Policies in Kubernetes


This video demonstrates how to configure Pod Security Policies in Kubernetes. To me, this has the difficulty level at 8/10.

It covers the admission controller, and how important on the service account. Then it talks about policies and RBAC. 

The written instruction is available at https://octetz.com/docs/2018/2018-12-07-psp/


Feb 27, 2022

Hacking and Hardening Kubernetes Clusters by Example [I]


Although this is a 4 years old webinar, I found it is still worth for today. The goals of this webinar is to raise the awareness risk in K8s and demonstrate the 'live' hacking and attacking a K8s. It also provides some hardening methods and tips.

  • Defaults in use early tend to stay in use.
  • Systems hardened late tend to break.

The webinar introduces a number of tools for securing K8s and a lot of hardening tips for your K8s cluster.

KubeATF - A tool used to automate the creation, validation, and destruction of K8s in a consistent way.

Bulkhead - A plugin that perform security posture scans on all nodes from within your K8s.


Links:

 

Feb 25, 2022

Kubernetes Security Best Practices


Kubernetes Security Best Practices by Ian Lewis, Google 

Containers give developers the ability to isolate applications from one another, but that’s not enough. Resource isolation is much different that security isolation. How do we make applications deployed in containers more secure? What tools can be we apply to our containers running in Kubernetes to make them more secure? How can we apply policy to our network and services to make sure applications only have access to what they need and nothing more? 

In this talk, attendees will learn about the risks and attack surfaces of a Kubernetes cluster. s-We'll look at tools like PodSecurityPolicy, SELinux, AppArmor, seccomp, and sandboxed containers in action to improve the security of containers. We’ll then go up the stack and learn how to apply network policy to containers to further improve security.

Agenda:

  • Security 101
    • Defense in depth (redundant 
    • Limit the attack surface 
    • Least privilege
  • Runtime security
    • Attacking Kubernetes cluster itself, Kubernetes API server
  • Host security
    • RBAC
    • API Firewall
  • Network security
    • NetworkPolicy
    • Secured access to etcd
    • Run as non-root
    • Read-only root filesystem
    • no new privileges (allowPrivilegeEscalation:false)
    • Sandboxed Pod
    • seccomp/AppArmor/SELinux
    • restrict kubelet permissions
    • Policy enforcement
    • istio
  • Use kube-bench



Feb 23, 2022

Kubernetes Security: Attacking and Defending K8s Clusters

Note:

  • Initial access with 
    • known vuln
    • Exposed dashboard or 
    • Kube API server 
  • Exploitation / Execution 
    • API endpoint
    • get a shell access
  • Internal recon 
    •  env | grep -i kube
    • /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount
    • container introspection
  • Post-exploitation / Presistence
    • privilege escalation
    • pod/container escape via privileged pod
  • Defending K8s
    • curl -k https://192.168.1.1:6443
    • CIS Kebernetes Benchmark (120+ security checks)
    • kube-bench (golang)
  • Image scan
    • Clair, docker scan, smartcheck, snyk, Trivy
  • Cloud-native runtime protection
    • Falco (CNCF)
  • The Pods
    • AllowPrivilegeEscalation = false
    • ReadOnlyRootFileSystem = true
    • RunAsNonRoot = true 
    • Use Seccomp, AppArmor and SELinux
  • Pod Security Policies (PSP) - applied at cluster level (deprecated)
  • PSP replacement
    • OPA / Gatekeeper
    • Kyverno (yaml)
    • PodSecurity
  • RBAC (Role Based Access Control)
    • --authorization-mode=Node,RBAC
  • Secure those exposed etcd (cluster objects)
    • Encryption at rest not default
  • The Network Policy
    • Among all the pods
    • Pods with kube-system namespace
  • The Audit Logs
    • not enabled by default
  • Update K8s !!

 

Links:

Feb 14, 2022

Top Five Vulnerability Management Failures and Best Practices

This is an easy to follow webinar fro David Hazar that talks about the top-5 failures and best practices in vulnerability management.



Top Five Failures in Vulnerability Management:

  1. We don't understand our asset management.
  2. We focus too much on prioritization.
  3. We only present facts and data.
  4. We accept too much risk on behalf of the organization
  5. We are not consistent.

 Notes:

  • Use API access to create inventory, and supplement/validate to ITAM.
  • Balance prioritization with root cause analysis.
  • Focus on the solutions with different solution groups and solution types.
  • Only Driver and Guardian are interested in facts/data (but not Pioneer and Integrator). 
  • Storytelling - build the story for leadership.
  • Uses owner-based, role-based, and team-based reporting.
  • Tracking invisible risks: exclusion.
  • Apply standardization, integration and automation. 
  • Use aging report for those who do nothing.

Best Practices:

  1.  Automate the reconciliation of inventory and process for obtaining contextual data.
  2. Don't just prioritize. Focus on the bigger picture.
  3. Learn to communicate more than just facts and data.
  4. Track risk and technical debt, and communicate it in the right way to the right people.
  5. Standardize, integrate, and automate your way to increased consistency.
  6. Automate everything (that can be automated).


Jan 10, 2022

Protecting your network and data with Zero Trust approach

Explore the Zero Trust strategy fundamentals, trends and best practices with Microsoft security architect Mark Simos and Forrester analyst Steve Turner.

My notes:

  1. Zero Trust foundations: Definition and scope 
    • A unified security policy across the board
    • Modernization of your security operations and SOC
    • ZT is pushing all of those security fundamentals into the limelight
  2. Network-centric versus Identity-centric Zero Trust
    • micro-segmentation
    • Identity posture
    • Identity governance
  3. Business enablement in hybrid work environment
    • Work with business stakeholders
    • Moving from VPN to Zero Trust Network Access (ZTNA)
    • Modernizing you security approach
    • Leverage Zero Trust strategy with cloud services for greater flexibility
  4. Risk areas and vulnerabilities
    •  ZT addresses compliance and regulatory workflows
    • Expectation need to be woven into business, leadership, conversations, and thinking
    • Fail-safe or fail-protected concept
  5. Emerging trends in Zero Trust
    • IAM may evolve with new technologies and capabilities, and easily replaced to deliver different types of policy enforcement

 

Links:

Dec 30, 2021

Multi-Layered Approach

An excellent webcast from Eran Livne (Qualys) about Multi-layered Approach to address Log4Shell vulnerabilities. Watch the on-demand webcast if you want. 

There is also a great demo on how to use multi-layered approach with Qualys to perform log4shell assessment (remote scan, auth scan, agent, inventory scan, prioritize, externally expose/shodon, container, images, patch management, mitigation action, EDR).

My quick notes:

  1. See what your attackers see
  2. Find where you are vulnerable
    • Vulnerability scan
    •  In-depth vulnerability scan
    • Inventory scan
    • Protect your container/image
  3. Remediation based on priorities
  4. Monitor for attack in progress

Links:

Nov 3, 2021

Hunting backdoors in Active Directory Environment

 

 Notes:

  • Abusing AD permissions for standard user.
    • DS Replication permissions (DC Sync attack)
      • DS-Replication-Get-Changes
      • DS-Replication-Get-Changes-All
      • Alows a principal to retrieve NT hashes remotely via the MS-DRSR protocol for any security principal (krbgt a/c or domain admin)
      • Detection: event ID 4662
      • Hunting: DS Replication permission
    • Send as Permission
      • Can be configured in AD or Exchange Admin Center
      • Detection: Event ID 1
      • Hunting: SendAs permission
    • Commonly targeted AD permission
      • GenericAll, Generic Write, WriteDACL, WiteOwner, User Force change password
    • Valuable AD attributes
      • ms-mcs-admpwd, msDS-Key-CredentialLink, msDS-AllowedToActOnBehalfOfOtheridentity
  • Added backdoor to access to ADFS Token Signing Certificate (TSC)
    • Golden SAML token attack
      • Bypass MFA and access cloud services
      • considered the bedrock of security 
      • ADFS service account and local administrators can access the container
      • Hunting: review authentication policy for backdoor access to Token Signing Certificate
  • Admin SD Holder and SDProp
    • Hunting: review DACL templates of AdminSD Holder container
    • Detection: directory service access event ID 4662
  • Credential harvesting via AAD with PTA agent 
    • PTA - pass thru authentication
    • Hunting: suspicious DLL at PTA agent
    • Detection: PTA spy
  • Machine$ Account
    • Steal hash and create silver ticket.
    • password rotated every 30 days
    • Hunting: suspicious registry value (MaximumPasswordAge)
    • Detection: un-approved changes
  • Creating malicious GPO
    • delegation right to edit GPO
    • push ransomware via logon script
    • schedule malicious task
    • enable weak LANMAN hash authentication
    • create restricted group
    • Hunting: review GPOPermissions and the DACL for sysvol folder
    • Detection: event ID 5136, 5137

 Links:

  •  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xeCCYmE4bZM

Oct 28, 2021

Enhancing Cloud Security Operations : Visibility

Visibility is a key element to identify and respond to cloud security incidents. This session explores how we can leverage native offerings to help solve the visibility problem.

In this webinar, Roger shares the following topics with us, and helps us to keep up with the ever-changing threat landscape.

  • Cloud adoption
  • Security concerns
  • How do we solve the problems
  • Native tools
  • Gaps
  • 3rd party tools
  • Automation

Links:

  • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rEP53j60QXQ

Oct 25, 2021

Defending Public Cloud for Enterprise Tricks and Tips!

 

The public cloud expansion is a reality and maintaining fences up is not easy. Come learn about AWS/Azure/GCP organization rules, policies and best practices to avoid potential threats that help to enforce good practices and avoid potential issues and misconfigurations. 

In this webcast, Moises will cover how to: 

  • - Allow new accounts, subscriptions, or project to start with security practices in place 
  • - Reduce the risk that shadow IT could grow without security policies and good practices 
  • - Enforce security good practices even if users try to resist it 
  • - Maintain cloud environments aligned with legal and privacy requirement

 Final Thoughts - Toolbox !

  1. Prowler - github.com/toniblyx/prowler
  2. Cloud Custodian -  cloudcustodian.io
  3. CheckOV - checkov.io
  4. CloudSploit - cloudsploit.com
  5. rcentry - arcentry.com
  6. Falco - falco.org
  7. ScoutSuite - github.com/nccgroup/ScoutSuite

Final Thoughts - References!

  1. CIS Benchmarks - cisecurity.org
  2. Cloud Security Alliance - cloudsecurityalliance.org
  3. OWASP - owasp.org
  4. NIST - nist.gov
  5. ENISA - www.enisa.europe.eu
  6. Each cloud provider has well-architecture guide

Oct 14, 2021

Threat Hunting

 


Azure Sentinel webinar: Threat Hunting (part 1)



Azure Sentinel webinar: Threat Hunting (part 2)


Links:

  • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tiz-ftnlTg4
  • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BTEV_b6-vtg

Oct 12, 2021

Cloud & On-Premises architecture

 

Azure Sentinel webinar: Cloud & On-Premises architecture [ 89 min ] 

Links:

  • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_mm3GNwPBHU